Ureter Visualization on Tc-99m DMSA Scintigraphy in Pediatric Patients

Static renal follow imagings by means of Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy is indicated in the acute and follow-up phases of the patients with urinary tract infection (UTI).

DMSA scintigraphy shows the renal damage as functionality loss and/or renal scars of the kidney. Additionally scintigraphy may provide important prognostic information in patients with UTI.

Accompanying findings to a static renal scintigraphy might be increased background activity which refers to end stage renal disease and second finding is visualization of the ureter which is usually recognized to be related with the high grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

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Contraceptive Discontinuation, Method Switching and Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Women

Although there has been an increase in preference for modern methods in Ethiopia in recent years, high method discontinuation and switching are also common.

Apparently, there is a lot of study on the prevalence rate of contraceptive among couples, but not sufficient knowledge about the reasons switches the method used and why they give up the contraceptives after using for some time.

This implies that the study of discontinuation of contraceptive use, along with the associated factors for such discontinuation, becomes important that would have further implications for continuing the success of family planning programs in Ethiopia.

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Degrees of Recommendations and Levels of Evidence: What you Need to Know?

Clinical practice guidelines and other recommendations need to be used based on how much confidence can be placed in its recommendations.

Systematic and explicit methods to make judgments can reduce errors and improve communication. In this article we present a summary of the practice approach to medicine based on evidence through the degrees of evidence and recommendation levels.

We can define the practice of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) as the conscientious, explicit and judicious of the best available evidence in making decisions about care of a patient that requires integration of best evidence with clinical expertise and the values and circumstances of the patient.

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Intervention for Non-Communicative Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

This open-label clinical trial examined the efficacy and safety of a d-amino oxidase inhibitor, sodium benzoate, in the treatment of non-communicative children with autism spectrum disorder.

We hypothesized that benzoate, through indirect glutamate stimulation, may enhance learning in communication. Method: Six children (five boys, one girl, 3-year-7-month to 9-year-6-month of age) completed the 12 weeks of study of receiving sodium benzoate in conjunction with communication training program.

The outcome measures were Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test-Chinese, parent-reported Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II, number of core vocabularies learned in the applied communication learning system, Chinese child developmental inventory and parenting stress index.

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Anthropometric Measurement of Weight for Assessment of Nutritional Status of Anganwadi Children in Urban Mangalore - A Cross Sectional Study

Anthropometry is the part of anatomy used to do external measurement of human body to assess underlying disease, like assessing the nutritional status of a child.

The 254 Anganwadi children between age group 1 to 6 years of urban Mangalore during 2013year, measurements are calculated using WHO growth standard in assessing weight.

The underweight denotes in respect to age but doesn’t pin point whether acute or chronic, but the stunting is due to chronic malnutrition, the axial skeletal growth is stunted. Concludes that lower socioeconomic status and malnutrition are interrelated, which hampers the normal physical, intellectual, psychological development of children, there by affects the progress of the country.

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The Role of Emergency Department in Poland

Emergency department (ED) is an organizational unit of the hospital, which is also a unit of the National Emergency Medical Service. Its task is to promptly provide health care services as part of initial diagnosis and the necessary treatment to stabilize the vital functions of persons in a state of sudden danger to life or health.

In addition to patients being transported by ambulances and aviation rescue units to the ED, anyone can be contacted even if they do not have a referral to the hospital. Help is provided to everyone regardless of their place of residence.

For a hospital to be able to set up an SOR, it must be able to protect patients within general trauma surgery, internal medicine, anaesthesia and intensive care units, imaging diagnostic laboratories, paediatric surgery and paediatrics- if the hospital provides medical services to children.

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Disabling Bilateral Hip Disease and Femoral Bone Defects Revealing Systemic Sarcoidosis

One involvement in sarcoidosis is rare and often asymptomatic. The small bones of hands and feet are the most common localizations, while skull, knee, rib, pelvic and sternal localizations are rarely reported. Here we report a hip localization.

A 52-year-old woman consulted for acute bilateral coxopathy. Chest radiography objectified bilateral interstitial syndrome with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The X-ray of the pelvis and both hips showed no abnormalities and CT scan revealed a moth-eaten osteolytic lesion of the left femoral head.

It was associated with inflammatory syndrome and cholestasis. Liver biopsy revealed epithelioid and giant cell granulomas without caseous necrosis. The pathology specimens were interpreted as representing sarcoid.

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