Classification is a
powerful cognitive process, allowing us to organize a great deal of information
efficiently and flexibly. When we form classes, we highlight important
similarities among objects and events, treating very different items as
equivalent for certain purposes, since a particular item could be a member of
many different classes.
For example, an apple can be classified under ‘fruit’,
‘food’, ‘physical object’, etc. These classes are hierarchically organized and they
honor inclusion relations.
Taxonomic categorization involves classification of items
into groups based on similarities in the characteristics, structure, origin etc
of the stimuli.In taxonomic categorization, it is often expected that items in
a group have a strong association between them.
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