Hematemesis from Bleeding Pancreatic Pseudocyst Ruptured into the Duodenum

A 44-year-old alcoholic man with a history of multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis was transferred to our hospital with complaints of intense mid-epigastric pain and hematemesis for 3 h.

He was diagnosed as pancreatic pseudocyst by abdominal CT examination (Figure 1a and 1b) 6 months ago. The abdomen was markedly tender, and an impulsatile mass measuring 10 cm × 15 cm was palpable.

Emergent abdominal CT revealed giant hyper-attenuation cyst communicating with duodenum, suggestive of blood presence. Large amount of blood was also noted in stomach, duodenum and small bowel.

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Leptospirosis: a Global Health Burden in Review

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted by fresh water and mammalian vectors in predominantly tropical regions, with an incidence of 0.1-10 per 100,000 in temperate climates, 10 or more per 100,000 in tropical climates, and up to 100 or more per 100,000 during outbreaks.

Its rate of transmission spikes in areas affected by natural disasters such as floods and heavy rainfall and, because it often presents with non-specific symptoms, it can be difficult to diagnose.

The case fatality rate in severe leptospirosis from <5 - 30% makes it a pathogen of clinical importance. This review aims to summarize the most recent literature on the subject and provide recommendations to providers who may encounter afflicted patients.

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Intraabdominal Pseudocysts in Males in a Developing Community

The recent literature on the intraabdominal pseudocyst emanated as single case reports from such diverse countries as UK, Taiwan, Turkey and USA.

Therefore, aided by the establishment of a histopathology data pool, this study concerns 6 cases from the Ibo Ethnic Group in Nigeria.

It spanned from 1970 to 1990; the age group was from 6 years to 60 years; and the submissions were by individual physicians who realized that the lesions were simple cysts, including one who named it as pseudocyst.

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Geriatric Care at a Time of Accelerated Aging in the World Population and Emerging Global Challenges

It is a well-known fact that the world population has been aging since mid-20th century. The number of older people aged 60 years and above has more than quadrupled since 1950’s and older people’s share of the world population reached 11.7 percent in 2013.

The older population itself is also aging. In 2013, 14 percent of the older population consisted of those who were 80 years of age or older. The trend in aging is expected to accelerate in the next four decades.

Population aging has major implications for several sectors of the society. In the health sector, these demographic changes will likely result in increasing pressures for geriatric services.

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Palliative Care Nursing in Oman; Moving towards Palliative Care Nursing

Oman has witnessed great achievements in the past four decades especially in its healthcare services that has been recognized by the World Health Organizations and many other international organizations.

These developments and achievements reduced the infant mortality rate and the incidence of communicable diseases in the country. With these changes, Oman has witnessed demographic and epidemiological changes in its structure leading to increased longevity and increased prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases.

This generated the need for palliative care services in the country with a major role that nurses are required to undertake. Palliative care nurses work with individuals and their families who are suffering from a life-threatening illnesses.

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Community Education Prevents Stroke and Minimizes Recurrence

Stroke is a serious health issue in communities leading to death or disability. The lapsed between the stroke occurrence and the patient’s ability to reach the hospital is very crucial in minimizing the damage caused due to it.

Community education related to its causes, symptoms, and the measures they should take plays a crucial role in the prevention, cure and deterring the recurrence of this problem.

This knowledge is important in reducing the stroke onset and admission of the patient in the emergency ward. Hospitals and media play an important role in promoting public education related to prevention and early treatment of stroke.

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A Collaborative Approach to Improve Support Provided to Bereaved Siblings

The body of literature describing and examining childhood bereavement is considerable. Within the bereavement community, there is general agreement that the loss of a loved one poses significant and complex challenges for children.

Their grief responses can be emotional (e.g., denial, sadness, depression, guilt, anger), physiological (e.g., somatic complaints, sleep problems), cognitive and/or behavioral.

Further complicating matters, important people, such as parents and family members, struggle with their own grief and may be less emotionally available to the child.

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Expressive Partner Homicides in Spain: Differences according to Agressors Sex

Although the important concert about partner homicides, there are no scientific studies in Spain.

The main aim of this study is to analyze differences in Spanish partner homicides between aggressor's sex with a) crime perpetration: attempted or completed and b) criminal process: pre-crime, offence and post-crime behavior. 

Method: We used Basa Data "Protocolo de Análisis del Crimen Violento en Homicidios Familiares", composed by firmed sentences of family homicides in Spain.

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"Obesity paradox" and Cardiovascular Disease: Myth or a Better Clinical Outcome?

Obesity is linked to traditional cardiovascular risk factors like, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnoea syndrome, reduced insulin sensitivity, enhanced free fatty acid turnover, increased basal sympathetic tone, a hypercoagulable state, systemic inflammation and suspected to incur increased morbidity and mortality.

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a patient's weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. BMI is to define underweight, normal weight, overweight, and various classes of obesity.

Hansel and colleagues report a study to explore the relation between BMI and cardiovascular (CV) disease, and the influence of optimal medical therapy (OMT) on this relationship.

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Microparticles: Surrogate Markers & Biological Vectors in Cardiovascular Diseases

Microparticles are small (<1.5 μm), anuclear cell vesicles that are released by several cell types during cell activation and apoptosis and that can be associated by their surface receptors to their cells of origin (e.g. platelets, endothelial cells, leukocytes) using flow cytometry.

Initially, it was believed that microparticles are a kind of cell debris without any distinct pathological function

However, an increasing number of publications indicate that MP release is a highly regulated process and that circulating microparticles indeed have multiple distinct functions in haemostasis and vascular inflammation

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Cancer Stem Cells, Wnt, Hedgehog and Notch Signaling, the Role of Dietary Phytochemicals: New Insights for Cancer Therapy

Cancer or neoplasia is the major killer in the 21st century. Though human kind has been able to achieve great heights in the field of medicine and has unfolded the scientific aspects of nearly all human diseases.

yet the development of a potent drug against cancer is due for long which gets reflected in the GLOBACON 2008 where about 12.7 million cancer patients and 7.6 million deaths were estimated to have occurred in the year 2008 worldwide.

The human body consists of more than 1014 number of cells where each cell behaves socially with others and forms a well regulated and organized system dedicated to pass on copies of their genes through germ cells.

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Pediatric Cardiac Emergencies

With the advent of and advancesin diagnostic methods and transcatheter and surgical treatment modes, patients with Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) are surviving longer.

Cardiac defects that were once fatal in infancy are now treatable and patients are surviving into adulthood. However, these patients are at increased risk of acute events and therefore, likely to frequent emergency rooms.

These patients should now be added to the group of CHD patients that would ordinarily come thru’ the emergency rooms. Presented in this review is a selection of the more common lifethreatening pediatric cardiac emergencies likely to be encountered in the emergency department.

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Usefulness of Non-Enhanced 3-Dementional CT with Partial Maximum Intensity Projection for Planning Embolotherapy for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations

Computed Tomography (CT) with contrast material is often used for preoperative assessment and planning of embolotherapy in the treatment of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations (PAVMs).

However, pulmonary vasculature is well demonstrated in the lung window setting without the need for contrast material; thus, risks of adverse effects of contrast material itself or paradoxical emboli through PAVMs can be avoided.

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of non-enhanced 3-Dimentional (3D)-CT angiography for planning of embolotherapy for PAVMs.

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Prediction of Medical Students' Performance in the Medical School

Getting admission to medical college is an arduous process and an expensive vocation to choose. One of the early steps in that process is to pass the test that more medical colleges are embracing.

Since its inception, MCAT has undergone many revisions for its content and validity enabling it to select the appropriate students while reducing student attrition rate.

This work is implemented in the College of Medicine of the Arabian Gulf University to study the possibility of early prediction of non-suitable students who may not be able to consummate their medical course and to investigate the extent to which the pre-admission tools and MCAT sub-scores predict the overall students’ academic performance.

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Unilateral Submandibular Gland with False PET Positive Uptake in a Patient with Breast Cancer

Unilateral submandibular gland aplasia is a rare entity with only thirteen cases reported in the literature.

Most of the published patients were asymptomatic on presentation without any associated facial anomalies.

We present a patient with a history of breast cancer with an incidental finding of unilateral submandibular gland aplasia presenting with asymmetric uptake of fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (FDG) in the remaining submandibular gland on a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

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Graying of the Nation: A Curse or Boon?

We will all grow old one day- if we have that privilege. Let us therefore look at older persons not as people separate from us, but as our future selves and try to find out their sufferings.

To study the psychosocial problems of aged persons residing in community and to make comparison of above findings among urban and urban slum area.

A cross-sectional study carried out in the field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine in Agra (U.P.). A total of 500 elderly patients (60 years old and above) residing in urban and urban slum area were interviewed using a pre-tested schedule.

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Clinical Judgment of Pain in the Non-Verbal Child at the PICU- A Phenomenographic Study

Benner points out that the deepest motif of caring is alleviation of pain and avoidance of suffering. Nurses possess a unique position to alleviate their patient’s pain, based on their clinical judgment.

However, as shown by Ramelet et al., nurses and pediatricians do not have sufficient knowledge about how severe or critically illness affect children’s signs of pain, despite extensive research on pain and pain alleviation in hospitalized children in the last decade.

Limited knowledge might be one of the contributing factors in children still experiencing pain when they shouldn’t.

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Prefrontal - Hippocampal Interaction: An Integrative Review and Model of the Think/No-Think Task with Implications for Psychiatric Conditions

Being able to dynamically control accessibility to memories enables humans to flexibly adapt to their environment. When this control fails we become acutely aware of emotionally painful reminders of past events.

Individuals suffering from some psychiatric conditions are plagued by intrusive, uncontrollable thoughts and ruminations of such memories. To gain a better understanding of this pathos, it is first essential to investigate the neural pathways that allow for control over memory accessibility in the non-psychiatric brain.

To do so, a review of the neuroimaging Think/ No-Think literature is used to provide possible brain regions that contribute to the control over memory accessibility.

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